分类 会议 下的文章

分会场三 2021年7月17日晚上 18:30-21:00

地点:敬贤厅2F

内在家庭系统治疗
兰菁
北京师范大学心理学部

简介:内在家庭系统(Internal Family System, IFS) 是由理查德·施沃茨博士于上世纪90年代开创的有实证研究支持的、整合性的咨询流派。该流派结合家庭系统的视角来理解个体,并发展出了一套成熟的理论体系和详尽的咨询方法。经研究验证适用于创伤、抑郁/焦虑等神经症、成瘾等多种问题的个体咨询以及伴侣咨询。近20年来,该流派在世界各地逐渐被接纳和推崇,被许多资深咨询师称作“此生要学的最后一个流派”。
在这个工作坊中,我们将对该流派的理论架构、核心概念、重要咨询过程和技术进行介绍,并结合案例分析、冥想等活动来加深听众的体验,以达到对该流派有初步的认识、对自身以及咨询工作有启发、并可以简单运用的目的。

关键词:内在家庭系统,案例分析,冥想

分会场二 2021年7月17日晚上 18:30-21:00

地点:乐海厅3F

Effectiveness of Family Therapy and The Change Theory of Systemic Approaches

Albert Chan
Visiting Professor, Former Dept Head and Professor of
Gratia Christian College, HK

Abstract: In the beginning of practicing MFT, therapists always face the fear of seeing the whole family of more than 1 person. Seeing all family members in the same sessions is the essence of difference and uniqueness of MFT approach than individual approach. This workshop will confirm the effectiveness of systematic approach to family and couple interventions. In additional, the workshop also assists participants to develop solid rationale and interventions through understanding of change theories of various psychotherapeutic models including functional approaches like Bowenian and Structural, as well as post-modern approaches of Narrative and Solution Focused. The trainer as an AAMFT clinical fellow and approved supervisor will share with the participants with 3 decades therapeutic experiences.

Key words: MFT , systematic approach , Therapeutic experiences

分会场一 2021年7月17日晚上 18:30-21:00

地点:浔江厅2F

**Discovering the Therapist’s Signature Theme(s)
Facilitator: Dr Charles Sim (Singapore University of Social Sciences) **
Co-facilitators: Ms Wangke & Ms Nie Xilun (Beijing Normal University)

Abstract: In this experiential online workshop, the participants will have an appreciation and opportunity to identify their signature theme(s) as a therapist/ counselor. According to Aponte and Carlsen (2009), “signature themes are the lifelong struggles shaping the person’s relationships with self and others.” These signature theme(s) often influence and affect the way (unconsciously) therapists experience and conduct therapy, even in their personal lives. Dr Harry Aponte at Drexel University (USA) developed the “Person-of-the-Therapist” (POTT) training model to enable trainee therapists/ counselors to identify their signature theme(s), and eventually use it purposefully and therapeutically within the therapy session. And in the last few years, Dr Charles Sim with the encouraging support from Dr Aponte has successfully integrated the POTT training into his Master of Counseling and Couple & Family Therapy program at the Singapore University of Social Sciences. More recently, he managed to conduct a synchronous online POTT training for the counselors and clinical supervisors at the Mental Health Services (MHS) Center, Beijing Normal University.

There are three stages in this POTT training: identify and present the signature theme(s), awareness of the trigger(s) to signature theme(s), and using the signature theme(s) consciously and purposefully in therapy session. Signature theme(s)are in fact “resources that can enhance therapists’ effectiveness, by placing learning to work through these signature themes at the very heart of the training of therapists in the use of self. We all live with our very unique-to-each person signature struggles with ourselves and with life. Signature theme has an underlying core, such as the need for control or fear of vulnerability or fear of rejection or feelings of low self-esteem. These themes are universal enough to enable therapists to identify and empathize with most clients” (Aponte & Kissil, 2014).

In this online (in-conference) workshop, we will provide participants with an overview of the POTT philosophy, premises and training model. Participants will also learn how to identify their (initial) signature theme(s) by means of reflexive questions during the workshop with the help of the facilitators. They will also have the opportunity to share their (initial) signature theme(s) with other participants within a safe environment. To further enhance their online learning experience, facilitators will demonstrate how the therapist’s signature theme(s) can influence and affect one’s professional and personal life.

Thus, the main purpose of this online workshop is to provide the opportunity and create a safe environment for participants to discover/ identify their signature theme(s), as well as to be aware of it in their clinical work, if possible. We hope that through the POTT training, participants will eventually learn to transform their personal deficits into clinical assets, by accepting, accessing and applying their signature theme(s) purposefully and therapeutically in session, for the good of their clients/ families and personal development.

Key words: experiential online learning, Person-of-the-therapist, Professional and personal development, Signature themes

分会场五 2021年7月18日下午 15:40-17:10

地点:5楼V吧5F

家庭干预对改变孤独症谱系障碍儿童问题行为的作用
王海平 方晓义
北京师范大学婚姻家庭研究与咨询中心
摘要:上个世纪40年代以来,对于孤独症谱系障碍的研究开始被人们所关注。近年来,随着发病率的不断增长和国际通用诊断标准的变化,研究显示孤独症谱系障碍的确诊率在不断攀升。上世纪80年代以来,随着研究的进展,逐渐发展出一些针对孤独症谱系障碍儿童干预的理论和方法,如应用行为分析法、关键行为反应训练法、结构化教学法、社交故事法等。这些方法在孤独症谱系障碍儿童的干预中取得了一定的效果,增加了儿童与他人互动的回应、改善了儿童对于环境的适应能力。
不足的是以上干预方法往往侧重于从孤独症谱系障碍儿童个体的角度出发进行干预而忽视了环境的因素。在实际干预指导中,我们发现:家庭对孤独症谱系障碍儿童的干预效果存在一定影响,如父母的情绪状态、家庭辅助的训练内容、家校合作的程度等。针对家庭的干预指导可以有效弥补针对孤独症谱系障碍儿童个体干预不够全面的不足,更大限度地改善孤独症谱系障碍儿童的问题行为。
本研究选取经医院确诊的30名孤独症谱系障碍儿童作为被试,每15人为一组进行随机分组开展对比研究。实验组采用家庭干预方案进行干预指导,每月进行1次家庭干预指导跟进,共计6次;对照组采用个体干预方案,只在干预指导的开始提供个体干预方案,不予每月1次的跟进指导。实验组和对照组分别进行前后测,比较两种干预方案模式下儿童父母抑郁的改善情况和儿童问题行为变化的情况。
研究结果显示:家庭干预可以有效降低孤独症谱系障碍儿童父母的抑郁水平,并有效改善孤独症谱系障碍儿童的问题行为,同时孤独症谱系障碍儿童父母抑郁水平的降低也可以有效促进干预组孤独症谱系障碍儿童问题行为的减少。

关键词:家庭干预,孤独症谱系障碍儿童,问题行为,抑郁,父母


The Role of Parental Conflict in Predicting Adolescent’S Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study
Li Xiaoshan*, Tang Xiujuan, Wang Min, Sun Pengyong
江西师范大学心理学院
Abstract: Present study aimed to investigate the association between parental conflict and adolescents’ depression, and the possible mediators between them with a longitudinal study. With the help of the header teachers, three-wave data was collected to test our hypotheses. The participants from four secondary schools in China mainland were asked to take part in our survey and completed it by the deadline. At the first time (at March 15-20, 2020, T1), the questionnaires including parental conflict were sent to participants by emails independently. And the second (June 20-25, 2020, T2) and the third times (December 15-20, 2020, T3), with the help of header teachers, students were asked to complete the questionnaires including family support (at T2), burdensomeness (at T2), and adolescent’s depression (at T3) at classroom, and collect questionnaires when they completed it. A total of 655 adolescents completed the three-wave survey, and was used in following analysis. Among the 655 participants, of whom 338(51.6%) were men, 384(58.6%) were the 8th grade students and 271 (41.4%) were the 9th grade students. Participants were between 13 and 16 years old, with an average age of M = 14.37, SD = 0.66. Approximate 8% students who participate in the survey of T1 didn’t participate the surveys of T2 and T3 due to their graduation, sick or personal leave. This study was conducted under the approval of the moral and ethical committee of the School of Psychology, Jiangxi Normal University, and with written informed consent from their parents or guardians.
The software of SPSS 16.0 was used to investigate the relations among studies variables. Descriptive analysis showed that the incidence of mild and moderate or severe depression was 19.1% and 10.5%, respectively. Logit regression analysis showed that, as one of the important risk family influencing factors, parental conflict was a risk factor for adolescent’s depression, and the subscale of (adolescent related) content, triangulation, and unsolved resolution to conflict have lager impact on adolescent’s adjustment than other subscales. Furthermore, parental conflict has an indirect impact on adolescent’s depression symptoms through reducing family support and increasing burdensomeness. In addition, gender difference, grade difference, and parental education level difference were also found in predicting adolescent’s depression symptoms. These findings above have implications for educational counsellors or guardians in improving adolescent’s health during the large scale of the pandemic.

Key words: depression, parental conflict, adolescent, family support, burdensomeness


父母情绪调节、儿童情绪调节与儿童对立违抗症状的纵向关系
陈慧 蔺秀云*
北京师范大学发展心理研究院
摘要:对立违抗障碍(Oppositional Defiant Disorder, ODD)在儿童青少年中具有较高发病率,表现为持久的愤怒/易激惹心境、争辩/对抗行为,或报复模式。ODD儿童常存在严重的情绪调节缺陷,被视为情绪调节困难带来的问题。除ODD儿童自身的情绪调节缺陷与其ODD症状有显著的相关外,父母的情绪调节与其ODD症状也具有显著联系。根据强制理论,父母的行为和儿童的问题具有双向影响和相互加重的关系,但父母的情绪调节、儿童的情绪调节与儿童的ODD症状三者之间的长期关系尚不明确。本研究采用情绪调节困难量表、情绪调节清单对275名具有ODD症状的儿童进行了三年纵向研究 (T1,T2,T3),并考察父母的情绪调节(包含情绪知觉缺乏、情绪调节困难两个维度)、儿童的情绪调节(包含消极和不稳定、情绪调节两个维度)与儿童的ODD症状的纵向关系。结果发现:(1)TI父母的情绪调节(情绪调节困难)显著正向预测T2儿童的情绪调节(消极和不稳定);(2)T1的儿童ODD症状显著正向预测T2父母的情绪调节(情绪调节困难),继而显著正向预测T3儿童ODD症状;(3)T2儿童的情绪调节(情绪调节)显著负向预测T3父母的情绪调节(情绪调节困难)。研究结果表明,父母的情绪调节、儿童的情绪调节与儿童的ODD症状存在一定的双向影响关系。结果提示,干预儿童的ODD症状应考虑亲子之间的相互影响,不仅需要提高儿童的情绪调节能力,也要注意提高父母的情绪调节能力。

关键词:对立违抗障碍,父母情绪调节,儿童情绪调节,纵向

分会场五 2021年7月18日下午 14:00-15:20

地点:5楼V吧5F

青少年学业坚毅的测量、潜在类型及家庭教育
林荣茂 陈艳萍
福建师范大学心理学院

摘要:学业坚毅是青少年最重要的学业品质之一,指个体在学业上对长期目标充满热情,并坚持不懈地努力。学业坚毅与学业成就显著相关,决定学生能否最大限度发挥他们的学术潜力。目前,国内尚没有青少年学业坚毅的测量工具,青少年学业坚毅的特点及如何从家庭教育视角培养青少年的坚毅品质仍是未解之题。本研究采用横断研究设计,分层整群抽取1894名青少年(M = 10.85,9到14岁)为研究对象,检验学业坚毅问卷(Academic Grit Scale, AGS)在我国青少年群体中的信效度、测量等值性及潜在类型,并从家庭教育视角,对青少年学业坚毅的培养提出建议。
结果发现:(1)双因子模型中AGS主要由一般因子来解释,合成总分具有意义;(2)单因素模型AGS具有良好的内部一致性信度(Cronbach’s α = 0.935 , ω = 0.937)以及跨性别、年级和年龄的测量等值性(包括形态等值、负荷等值和尺度等值);(3)学业坚毅与一般坚毅、学业成绩、积极学业情绪呈显著正相关,具有良好的效标关联效度;(4)青少年学业坚毅存在三种潜在类别:高学业坚毅组、正常组、低学业坚毅组,低学业坚毅组多为男性青少年。
父母应从以下方面培养青少年学业坚毅品质:(1)教养方式:采用民主型教养方式,在学习中给予孩子更多的关爱理解;(2家庭学习氛围:陪同孩子(特别是男孩)进行各项学习活动,形成良好的家庭学习氛围;(3)榜样作用:在日常生活中做好学习计划并积极执行,用切实有效的行动影响孩子;(4)父母社会支持:提供支持,让孩子有信心直面学习上的困难。
关键词:学业坚毅,因素结构,潜在剖面分析,家庭教育,青少年


促进小学儿童自我调节学习的父母教养课程:一项预试验研究
郭明春 郑颖
福建师范大学心理学院
摘要:自我调节学习(self-regulated learning)是指学习者在元认知、动机和行为上积极地参与到自身的学习过程中。已有的研究发现:自我调节学习不仅能够显著地预测学习者的学业成就,对个体终生的学习、工作和人生的成功都发挥着至关重要的作用。然而,尚缺乏一个循证的父母教养课程来促进中国儿童的自我调节学习。因此,本研究设计了一项促进小学儿童自我调节学习的父母教养课程,以期通过父母教养干预的方式来促进小学儿童的自我调节学习。此项课程共包含三次的单元课程,每单元持续两小时。课程设计主要基于自我决定理论、认知行为理论和已有的实证研究。课程主要包括以下模块:学业教养的基本原则、建立亲密的亲子关系、培养良好的学习习惯、处理学习问题行为。课程所介绍的方法既吸收了西方已有的教养策略,也依据中国家庭的特点对一些策略进行了调整。33位小学1-5年级的家长参与了干预研究。他们在干预前和干预后均填写了一系列评估量表。基于家长报告的数据,对数据进行分析,结果发现:父母一般教养行为、父母情绪问题、儿童行为和情绪问题均得到了显著的改善;父母总体对课程感到满意,并认为自己获得了想要的帮助。然而,父母学业教养行为和儿童学习行为并没有出现显著的改变,但均趋向积极方向改变。后期还需要开展一个更为完整和长程的课程干预研究,并使用随机控制试验和搜集追踪数据,从而能够更好地评估课程的效果。
关键词:小学儿童, 自我调节学习, 父母教养课程, 父母教养干预


**小学儿童的学习动机问题及其父母的归因与应对行为:
一项访谈研究**
郭倩倩1 郭明春2*
(1长郡双语洋湖实验中学)
(2福建师范大学心理学院)
摘要:为了了解小学儿童学习动机问题的具体表现,以及父母在学业领域对儿童学习动机问题的归因与应对行为,本研究采用质性研究方法,对17名主要科目成绩在班级平均数一个标准差以下的4—5年级学生家长进行了深度访谈。在数据分析方面,本研究采用主题分析法对原始资料进行编码和分析。研究发现,这17名学习成绩较差的儿童普遍存在学习动机问题,典型表现是在学习上缺乏自主性。在归因方面,当孩子出现学习问题时,大部分父母都表示不清楚孩子学习问题的真实原因,而是从猜想的原因和生活经验出发,采取应对措施,如沟通、体罚、奖励、监督和心理控制等。这些应对措施总体上僵化单一,未能解决孩子的学习动机问题。有些措施如体罚,反而引发了新的问题。在以上的应对策略中,家长最常采用的是沟通。分析发现,受访者多采用“线性沟通模式”,对孩子的反应缺乏觉察和理解,同时缺少有效的反馈环节。这种沟通模式可能影响了应对行为的效果,进而维持了儿童的学习动机问题。本研究首次采用访谈法,对学习成绩较差儿童的父母进行访谈,总结分析了父母归因和应对行为等方面的特点,有利于开发针对这类家长的家庭干预方案。
关键词:父母教养,儿童学习动机,归因,沟通,应对行为


父亲教养参与的现状及其影响因素:一项质性研究
刘洋1,2* 郭明春2 Cassandra K. Dittman1,3 郑颖2 Divna Haslam1,4
(1澳大利亚昆士兰大学父母教养与家庭支持中心)
(2福建师范大学)
(3中央昆士兰大学)
(4昆士兰科技大学)
摘要:现有研究对于中国父亲教养参与的现状及其影响因素仍然缺乏足够的了解。本研究通过半结构化访谈采访了34名中国学龄前儿童的父亲,以他们的视角了解父亲如何参与儿童教养,父亲在教养中扮演了哪些角色,以及哪些因素促进或阻碍了父亲的参与。基于生态系统理论,本研究采用主题分析法对数据进行了分析。研究结果显示父亲参与水平在个体间存在着较大的差异。父亲在教养参与中,扮演了多重角色,包括了陪伴者、教育者、管教者、照料者、母亲的合作者、供养者和支持者。影响父亲参与教养的因素主要来自其自身、家庭以及社会三个方面。自身因素主要包括了有关父亲责任的信念,为了孩子的成长和未来的信念,有关父母角色的信念,以及在育儿中体验到的积极或消极的感受。家庭因素主要是来自母亲的影响,孩子的要求和拒绝,以及(外)祖父母的参与和阻碍。社会因素则包含了父亲的工作、社交需要以及来自学校和社区对于父母参与亲子活动的邀约。本研究结果表明了中国父亲在育儿中承担了多重复杂的角色,以及父亲教养参与的多种影响因素,加深了我们对于父亲教养参与的理解。
关键词:父亲参与,中国父亲,半结构化访谈,主题分析