专题四：咨询技术提升与运用
分会场三 2021年7月18日下午 14:00-15:20
地点：海湾厅2F
整合性沙盘游戏（箱庭）疗法在后疫情时期家庭心理咨询中的应用
李灵 武奥威 李芃森 王禹 刘含聪 赵一凡 潘树坤
辽宁师范大学心理学院
摘要：当今厌学拒学现象在国内外都是一个不争的事实，越来越影响到学生的发展且未能得到很好地解决。无论是日本出现的“学业荒废”，法国存在的“学习困难”，还是美国“逃避学习”等等，都表明了厌学问题的严重性。发展心理研究表明，学习活动是学龄儿童的主导活动，是儿童社会化发展的必要条件，也是儿童获取知识和智慧的根本手段。然而，有关调查发现：我国有46%的学生对学习缺乏兴趣，33%的学生对学习表现出明显的厌恶，真正对学习持积极态度的仅有21%。厌学拒学家庭咨询应运而生。
厌学拒学是学生对学习的负面情绪表现，从心理学角度讲，厌学症是指学生消极对待学习活动的行为反应模式。主要表现为学生对学习认识存在偏差，情感上消极地对待学习，行为上主动远离学习。
整合性沙盘游戏（箱庭）疗法基于“双生态建设”的研究视角，通过简版家庭主题构建沙游、动态九宫格分析与生命震荡线等一系列技术，在系统的厌学拒学家庭心理咨询个案中，取得显著疗效。
关键词：整合性沙盘游戏（箱庭）疗法，厌学，拒学，家庭心理咨询
厌学拒学儿童的情绪聚焦家庭治疗过程与效果
蔺秀云
北京师范大学发展心理研究院
摘要：新冠疫情后，厌学拒学发生率越来越多，甚至呈现几何倍数增长，成为家庭、学校和社会难以应对的一个问题。大多儿童青少年厌学拒学并不是因为学习成绩的因素，而是因为在学校、家庭和个人心理层面遇到了问题，并产生了不良情绪。以往从行为或者学习角度去改变儿童青少年厌学拒学的问题，但并总是有效。情绪聚焦治疗（Emotion Focused Therapy, EFT）从情绪入手理解儿童青少年的负性情绪以及与家庭、学校的关系，将情绪分为表层情绪和深层情绪，聚焦在深层情绪进行工作，对厌学拒学儿童青少年和家庭将有一个充分的理解、同理和转化；同时，EFT治疗中把关系层面的需求、内在自我都考虑进咨询中，是对于厌学拒学问题的整体改变，且能够保持较长时间的效果。总结来讲，本讲座将讲述如何应用EFT的互动模式和情绪聚焦对厌学拒学儿童青少年家庭进行理解和治疗。
关键词：厌学拒学 儿童 情绪聚焦治疗 互动模式 治疗
“Person-of-the-Therapist” （POTT） Online Training at the Mental Health Services （BNU）
Dr Charles Sim
Singapore University of Social Science
Abstract：The “Person-of-the-Therapist” (POTT) Training Model is based on the premise that within the therapeutic relationship is a personal process that occurs between the therapist and client. The essence of the POTT training lies in the concept that therapists are capable of developing a clinical expertise in how they proactively use themselves (signature themes, family-of-origin, personal and professional experiences) in the counseling session to enhance their therapeutic efforts and effectiveness. According to Aponte and Carlsen (2009), signature themes are our lifelong struggles that influence, affect and shape us, and our interpersonal relationships. And based on the research of
Aponte and his colleagues among their graduate students at Drexel University (USA), they were able to identify an underlying core for the signature theme, such as the fear of rejection or need for control or fear of vulnerability or feelings of low self-esteem. Where the need for control may be the flip-side of the person’s fear of being vulnerable in a relationship, which in turn may influence and affect the quality of one’s therapeutic relationship as a therapist. These signature themes are universal enough for therapists to identify and empathize with their clients, since we share a common humanity.
In this first online POTT training conducted at the Mental Health Services (MHS) Center in Beijing Normal University, participants comprising of eight counselors and two clinical supervisors progressed through the three stages of formation: awareness/ acceptance, access, and application of their signature theme(s), better known as the 4 As. In the course of the training, participants had to identify their signature theme(s), and present it to their fellow participants in a safe and supportive environment. They also had the opportunity to learn and be aware of the trigger(s) to their signature theme(s), and how to utilize it therapeutically within the context of the role-play sessions, and later in their own clinical work. The goal of the POTT training is to make better therapists and clinical supervisors. Thus, the POTT trainer would enable the participants to gain a greater mastery of themselves, by harnessing their new found self-understanding, insights and skills, so as to enhance their therapeutic effectiveness as “good enough” therapists. In this oral presentation, the presenters will highlight the purpose and objective of this online POTT training, emphasizing the uniqueness and significant contributions of this online training for the ongoing professional development of counselors and clinical supervisors, as well as trainee counselors. An overview of the structure and content of the POTT training at MHS Center will be presented, as well as the thinking and rationale that went into the training organization, dynamic and process. A thematic analysis of the participants’ feedback/ evaluation will be given and discussed, including suggestions for future direction to this unique online POTT training in Southeast and East Asia.
Key words: online training, Person-of-the-Therapist, signature themes